Cash on Delivery
Cash on delivery (“COD”) is a common business termi used generally for the sale of goods in the consumer market. The buyer is expected to pay cash at the time of delivery of the goods to the delivery person, often…
Muthu Jagannath
Muthu Jagannath is the Director of NAU Pte Ltd, a Singapore-based marine claims consultancy specialising in Transport Liability, P&I, and Hull & Machinery claims. With decades of experience in maritime law and claims management, he advises shipowners, operators, and cargo interests across the Asia-Pacific region. Jagan is a regular contributor to international maritime conferences including ICMA and writes extensively on developments in shipping law, bills of lading, general average, and arbitration.
General Average – CMA CGM Libra and Rule D Defence
During one of the webinars we attended, the case of The CMA CGM Libra was discussed and in which participants raised queries on who would bear the shortfall in the General Average (“GA”) kitty should one of the cargo interests…
Standard Trading Conditions – Incorporation
We had earlier written another article on Standard Trading Conditions and which can be viewed at It is invariably a requirement for Logistics Service Providers (“LSP”) that they contract with their clients on the basis of compulsorily applicable cargo…
Which Dispute Resolution Process?
Disputes invariably arise in International business and which may be due to many factors including biases, different understanding of the facts, parties based at different jurisdictions including different legal systems i.e., common or civil lawi, etc. The shipping industry has…
Notice of Readiness
There have been enough tomesi written on Notice of Readiness (“NOR”) and the intention of this article is not to add on to these. Given that issues on NOR’s regularly rears up, the Association of Maritime International Commercial Interests &…
Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Award in India by in rem Action
A Foreign Arbitral award can be enforced in India in the following three ways: Award can be enforced as per the provisions of S 47 to S 48 of the (Indian) Arbitration & Conciliation Act, 1996 (Indian Arbitration Act). If…
The Singapore Multimodal Transport Act 2021 – 2
Following our earlier article, The Singapore Multimodal Transport Act 2021 (“SMTA 21”), we were contacted by Land Transport Authorityi, the Singapore Licensing Authority and who advised us that the provisions of the SMTA 21 is not mandatory but optional. This…
The Singapore Multimodal Transport Act 2021
The Singapore parliament, on 05th Jan 2021, passed the Multimodal Transport Billi to facilitate the ratification of the ASEAN framework agreement on Multimodal Transportii. At the time of passing the act, the date of application of the Act was left…
International Maritime Arbitration – Right to Appeal
If parties are unable to resolve the dispute by themselves, they should ideally consider a process which would lead to the resolution of their disputes with minimum of costs and time. If the parties agree to, say arbitration as the…
The Survey Mela
The Institute of Chartered Shipbrokers, Middle East Branch has initiated the Capt. Harry Subramaniam Memorial Knowledge Series and in which they cover various topics related to the industry in a webinar. Capt. Harry Subramaniam was one of India’s greatest seafarer…