We were involved, some time back, in a situation in which Owners held lien on cargo and containers (without completing the voyage) and sought payment of the unpaid charter hire based on the dicta of The Pioneer Container. While we…
We have, off late, been seeing some claims related to refrigerated cargo arising due to the machinery outages during the sea voyage and perhaps this is due to the extreme heat conditions at the location from where the cargo emanatesi.…
Standard Trading Conditions (“STC”)i,also known as General Conditions of Business, are standardized trading terms advocated by various professional associations for use by their members (Logistics Service Provider (“LSP”) and who may include Freight Forwarders/NVOCC’s). The reason for their development is…
Although approx. 20% of the seaborne cargo by tonnage is carried in container vessels, they constitute approx. 66% in value of the Global International Trade and employ a substantial number of workers. Container shipping, compared to Bulk shipping, is indeed…
Dry shipping disputes generally relate to contractual breaches with respect to charter partiesi, contracts of carriage, sale & purchase and insurance/reinsurance contracts etc. whereas Wet shipping disputes relate to accidents at sea such as collisions, general average, salvage etc. The…
The Late Sanjeev Bhandari was a doyen of the Marine Insurance field in India. Late Sanjeev Bhandari left for his heavenly abode on 04th Jan 2017 and is sorely missed by all. He was a source of wisdom, knowledge, inspiration,…
A Bill of Lading (“B/L”) is perhaps the most important shipping document given that it facilitates the transfer of title to the cargo. While the B/L is generally considered to have three functions (Receipt, Evidence of a contract of carriage…
Cash on delivery (“COD”) is a common business termi used generally for the sale of goods in the consumer market. The buyer is expected to pay cash at the time of delivery of the goods to the delivery person, often…
During one of the webinars we attended, the case of The CMA CGM Libra was discussed and in which participants raised queries on who would bear the shortfall in the General Average (“GA”) kitty should one of the cargo interests…
We had earlier written another article on Standard Trading Conditions and which can be viewed at It is invariably a requirement for Logistics Service Providers (“LSP”) that they contract with their clients on the basis of compulsorily applicable cargo…